Towards the development of sustainable concrete incorporating waste tyre rubbers: A long-term study of physical, mechanical & durability properties and environmental impact

The dramatic increase in the demand for vehicle tyres and consequently rapid rise associated waste rubber has been a concern several decades. Rubber disposal adverse effects on environment, human health detrimental effect sustainable development across world. This paper investigates effectiveness of sodium hydroxide treatment method addition to utilisation silica fume improve interfacial transition zone between cement matrix. shown have important implication long-term physical mechanical properties concrete aged 2 years. study emphasises that while satisfactory improvements are attained through alone, actual performance rubberized containing could only be investigated over long term owing slow pozzolanic reaction its dependency formation calcium hydroxide. pre-treatment more specifically improved durability replacement levels from ?20% 40%. Long-term thermal conductivity sound permeability tyre were consequences energy conservation social sustainability construction practice. Results reported cost efficiency CO emissions do not enhance awareness materials but also lead cleaner alternative management route rubber. • rubbers necessitate an immediate mitigation earth. Surface improves concrete. Incorporation further enhances comprising particularly at long-term. remarkably decreased enables rubbers.